Name of Sub-division	Name of Blocks	Name of Towns
Buxar	Buxar Itarhi Chousa Rajpur	Buxar (Municipality)
Dumraon	Dumraon Nawanagar Brahmpur Kesath Chakki Chougain Simri	Dumraon (Municipality)

NATURE DIVISION:

Buxar district consist of two Sub-divisions viz. Buxar Sadar and Dumraon stretching over an area of 1,62,380 hectares. The entire strip of land between the river Ganges on the north and the main line of the Eastern Railways on the South, is a low lying alluvial place. The region is considered to be the best wheat growing area in the the State.

The Ganges forms the northern boundary of the district. The river Karmansa joins the Ganges near Chousa.

RAINFALL:

Rain sets sometimes in June accompanied by fall in temperature and increase in humidity. The district experiences maximum rain during the months of July and August. There is slight rainfall in October but November and December are quite dry.

FORESTS:

Due to deforestation, the forest area of this district is very thin. Some commom trees of this district are Mango, Seasum, Mahua, Bamboo and some types of long grasses (Jhalas) are found near diara area of the river Ganga. Jhalas grass is mostly used in roat making of kuccha houses.

The forest of the district are not rich in their products. Fire wood is the most important among its products.

The district had variety of wild animals and game birds when the forest were thick. With the increase in irrigation facilities, the area under cultivation has grown, consequently diminishing the forest. The wild animals have suffered in the process and their number has gone down very considerably. Neelgain, spotted deer, are found in the Plains and near the Ganga bank. A considerable number of monkeys are also found in the Buxar Town area.

Birds of different types like Parrot, Patridges, Quails are also found in the district.

IRRIGATION FACILITIES:

The river Sone and Ganges are the perennial source of surface water. They can provide irrigation to major portion of agricultural land. In the pre Zamindari abolition days the zamindars used to maintain hars and pynes which served the purpose of both irrigation and drainage.

The district Gazetteer of Shahabad (1966) mention as follows:-

The agricultural prosperity of the district depends on artificial irrigation without which may tracts would be uncultivated and the land would be unable to grow sufficient food crops to sustain its population. The three great sources of irrigation were artificial reservoirs, wells and Sone Canal, all of which helped to supplement the natural supply of water and to compensate for its inadequacy or untimely distribution. Ahars are artificial reservoirs meant to collect the rain water. These long shallow tanks where protected by small embankments and served as artificial catchment basin for receiving the water coming down from the adjacent lands. From the ahars, water channels (pines) are connected. The maintenance of the pines was the responsibility of the landlords.

LAND USE PATTERNS:

In this district both the irrigated and non-irrigated areas are being exploited for cultivation purpose. Even some of the large ponds (Jhils) like one at Dumraon which was a duck shooting area have been put to use for cultivation purpose.

Rice, wheat, grams and pluses are the main crops of the district: in some areas near, old Bhojpur vegetables are abundantly grown. These crops and vegetables are transported to other districts. The straw is used as fodder and for rooting the Houses.

MINES AND MINERALS:

The mineral resources of this district is negligible.

INDUSTRIALISATION:

There are however different types of small scale and cottage industries located in this district of Buxar, the details of which have been given below::

• Soap Industry: It is mainly concentrated in Buxar and Dumraon.
• Timber and Furniture works: It is located at Buxar and Dumraon.
• Leather Industry: There are individual leather workers all over the district.